Dynasty750 CE – 1258 CEMiddle East, Central Asia

Abbasid Caliphate

The Abbasid Caliphate presided over the Islamic Golden Age, making Baghdad one of the world's largest and most learned cities, and a global center of science, mathematics, medicine, and philosophy.

Key Figures

Harun al-Rashid Al-Mamun Al-Khwarizmi Ibn al-Haytham

Preceding Causes

The Abbasid Revolution (747-750) overthrew the Umayyad Caliphate, drawing support from non-Arab Muslims (mawali) and Shia sympathizers who sought equality within the Islamic polity, though the Abbasids ultimately established Sunni rule.

Empire661 CE

Umayyad Caliphate

The first hereditary Islamic dynasty after the Rashidun Caliphate, the Umayyads expanded Muslim rule from the Iberian Peninsula to the borders of India and China, creating the largest empire the world had seen to that point.

Cause-Effect Graph

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